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pstats Module¶
The pstats module analyzes profiler output from cProfile or profile modules, providing tools for sorting and filtering statistics.
Complexity Reference¶
| Operation | Time | Space | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
Stats() initialization |
O(n) | O(n) | n = profile entries |
sort_stats() |
O(n log n) | O(n) | Sorting profile entries; may require O(n) space |
print_stats() |
O(k) | O(k) | k = functions printed |
Analyzing Profile Data¶
Loading and Sorting¶
import pstats
import cProfile
# Profile and save
cProfile.run('expensive_function()', 'profile_output')
# Load stats - O(n)
stats = pstats.Stats('profile_output')
# Sort by cumulative time - O(n log n)
stats.sort_stats('cumulative')
# Print top 10 - O(k)
stats.print_stats(10)
Multiple Sorting¶
import pstats
# Load - O(n)
stats = pstats.Stats('profile_output')
# Sort by multiple keys - O(n log n)
stats.sort_stats('time', 'cumulative')
# Strip directory paths - O(n)
stats.strip_dirs()
# Print specific functions - O(k)
stats.print_stats('.*function_name.*')